AJK Biopharmaceutical published " Comparative antiviral activity of Remdesivir and anti-HIV nucleoside analogs against human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E). Molecules (2020) 25(10), 2343;
Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) is one of the seven known human coronaviruses, which include HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-1, and SARS-CoV-2. HCoV-229E is a member of the genus Alphacoronavirus, which infects humans and bats [1]. Four of the human coronaviruses (HCoV-229E, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-NL63) are associated with lower respiratory tract infections, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia [2,3] or upper respiratory tract infections characterized by rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, sore throat, sneezing, and cough that also may be associated with acute otitis media or asthma exacerbations [4]. Infection with HCoV-229E alone is most frequently associated with asymptomatic or mild disease and sometimes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [5]. The infection is also detected with other respiratory viruses, particularly with the human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) [2]. These HCoV related infections may also be accompanied by asthma exacerbations or acute otitis media. Thus, exposure to HCoV-229E is low-risk for healthy adults. The HCoV-229E virus is easily accessible for the biosafety level 2 (BSL2) laboratory. Therefore, HCoV-229E may be a good initial model for the evaluation of antiviral compounds that could have potential applications against other coronaviruses, such as SARS-COV-2, the coronavirus that causes COVID-19. Although the final selected compounds are still required to be evaluated against other coronaviruses to confirm their activity.
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